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This section contains information on different types of human worms, actual photographs (not to scale) of Threadworms -
the most common human worm in Australia and New Zealand, plus factual information to correct some common myths surrounding worms.
There are many different types of worms which can affect humans. These include: (click on each for more information)
Of all of these types of worms, Threadworms (sometimes called "pinworms") are the most common in Australia and New Zealand.
This internet information site focuses on Threadworms. Strongyloides, Roundworms, Hookworms and Whipworms are mainly soil borne.
The symptoms of these infections are different and if suspected, medical advice should be sought.
WHAT DO THREADWORM LOOK LIKE?
Threadworms draw their name from their appearance - they actually resemble fine pieces of cotton thread, with adult worms varying in length up to 1.5cms (females).
The most common way of diagnosing a Threadworm infection is to look for eggs deposited around the anus on the perianal skin.
These resemble fine white specks and are best detected at night, when the female worm emerges from the anus to lay them.
For more information on detection of Threadworms, see How Do You Get Worms?
This photo appears courtesy of Ohio State University
MYTHS AND FACTS
Now that we know what we're looking for, let's get rid of some common "myths and misconceptions" surrounding Threadworms:
MYTH - Only dirty people get Threadworms!
FACT - Whilst poor hygiene habits can contribute to the spread of Threadworms once you have contracted it,
catching Threadworms can be as simple as touching an infected surface - it doesn't matter how clean you are.
MYTH - Only children get Threadworms - I'll never need to treat myself or my partner!
FACT - It is true that Threadworms are more commonly associated with young children. This is basically because of their close social
interaction and generally less entrenched patterns of personal hygiene (hand washing etc.) which contribute to rapid transfer of the infection.
However, Threadworms are highly contagious. If suspected, ALL household members - including Mum and Dad - should be treated at the same time.
MYTH - Taking a worming product will protect my family from getting Threadworms!
FACT - Worming products work only on the adult worms present in the intestine at the time the medicine is taken.
This is why it is so important to give your home a thorough clean after treatment, to kill any remaining eggs and help prevent reinfestation.
For more information, see How Do You Get Worms?
MYTH - You can catch Threadworms from household pets!
FACT - Threadworms are human host specific - that is, they will not survive in the intestine of household pets,
so dogs and cats cannot be part of the Threadworm lifecycle. However, it is still possible to contract Threadworms from eggs stuck to the fur of cats and dogs.
Whilst domestic pets do not play a large role in the transfer of Threadworms to humans, other types of worms can be caught from your pets. Animals can have their own form of "animal specific" Roundworms, Hookworms and Whipworms which may be passed on through the pet's poo when a child
- Touches or eats a pet's poo;
- Puts something in their mouth after the pet as had it in their mouth;
- Has their face licked by their pet.
It is important to consult your vet to help protect your pet against worms. If you suspect your child has another infection other than Threadworms,
please see your doctor for treatment.
GOOD ADVICE TO AVOID ANIMAL-SOURCE WORM INFESTATIONS:
- Keep sandboxes covered to prevent dogs and cats from defaecating in them
- Collect and dispose of all faecal material your dog or cat may leave behind
- Avoid the sources of tapeworms by controlling fleas and not feeding uncooked meat or offal to your pets
- Ensure your pets are wormed with a recognised animal worming treatment, on a regular basis
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